On Sunday, November 1 at 2 pm at the Arnold Arboretum, 125 Arborway, Boston, Richard W. Judd, PhD, Adelaide & Alan Bird Professor of History, University of Maine, will explore the mix of ecological process and human activity that shaped that history over the past 12,000 years. He traces a succession of cultures through New England’s changing postglacial environment down to the 1600s, when the arrival of Europeans interrupted this coevolution of nature and culture. A long period of tension and warfare, inflected by a variety of environmental problems, opened the way for frontier expansion. This in turn culminated in a unique landscape of forest, farm, and village that has become the embodiment of what Judd calls second nature, culturally modified landscapes that have superseded a more pristine first nature. Judd will relate significant cultural and ecological changes that have influenced the evolution of the New England landscape over time. $10 fee. Call 617-384-5277 for more information.